TIAA (Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America) was founded 1918 (roots tracing to Andrew Carnegie's 1905 pension fund) to help educators retire with dignity. Today a retirement company serving 5M+ active and retired employees across 15,000+ institutions, primarily in education, healthcare, research, and nonprofit sectors. Manages roughly $1 trillion in combined assets, offering employer-sponsored 403(b) and 401(k) retirement plans, IRAs, annuities (including lifetime income products), investment management, brokerage, banking, and insurance. Pioneered variable annuities through its CREF arm.